Nutrition Point 小編・Jul 14,2021

維他命E:功效、作用、來源與缺乏後果全指南

維他命E

相對於其他維他命,一般人對維他命E的認識較為少,其實維他命E對公共身體而言是不可或缺的存在,所以這篇文章將會討論維他命E的作用、來源和缺乏的後果。

Quick Answer

維他命E是一種脂溶性維他命,主要作為脂溶性抗氧化劑,保護身體組織和細胞免受自由基損害,並有助於減緩衰老過程。它同時能協助凝血,預防血液流失。維他命E的主要來源包括植物油、堅果、種子、深綠色蔬菜、人造黃油及蘆筍等,可透過健康飲食攝取。然而,過量攝取維他命E補充品可能引發視力模糊、皮疹、腹瀉及頭痛等症狀,且現今醫學界對其預防心血管疾病等功效尚無正式根據。

維他命E的功效

維他命E是脂溶性維他命的一種,所以它不能完全地離開身體,但它可以儲存於身體內和身體能自行製造,以作不時之需。維他命E跟維他命C一樣,它們最主要的功效是抗氧化 (antioxidant);唯一不同的是維他命C是水溶性抗氧化劑,而它則是脂溶性抗氧化劑。他們也需要其他抗氧化酵素一起對抗外來的自由基 (free radicals),如維他命E需要alpha-生育醇來激發其活性,以防止他們危害我們的身體組織及細胞,來維持身體健康。同樣地,他們也可以幫助減緩衰老過程,另一方面, 維他命E咁維他命K一樣,也能幫助凝血 (blood clot),能預防血液流失。

維他命E的來源

維他命E的主要來源為植物油、堅果、種子、深綠色蔬菜、人造黃油及蘆筍等。因此,我們可以透過健康飲食來攝取所需的維他命E;肝臟會協助代謝多出的維他命E。除了食物會,我們也可透過維他命已補充品來攝取維他命,但要注意其攝取的,否則可能引發視力模糊、皮疹、腹瀉及頭痛等症狀。若嚴重缺乏維他命E,有機會引致損害免疫系統、周邊神經病變、是視角膜病變及運動失調等。雖然坊間不少文章指維他命E能有效地預防心血管疾病、眼睛和認知問題,但現今還沒有正式的醫學根據支持這個論點。

參考資料

Herrera, E., & Barbas, C. (2001). Vitamin E: action, metabolism and perspectives. Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 57(1), 43-56.

Miller III, E. R., Pastor-Barriuso, R., Dalal, D., Riemersma, R. A., Appel, L. J., & Guallar, E. (2005). Meta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Annals of internal medicine, 142(1), 37-46.

Miller III, E. R., Pastor-Barriuso, R., Dalal, D., Riemersma, R. A., Appel, L. J., & Guallar, E. (2005). Meta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Annals of internal medicine, 142(1), 37-46.

Packer, J. E., Slater, T., & Willson, R. L. (1979). Direct observation of a free radical interaction between vitamin E and vitamin C. Nature, 278(5706), 737-738.

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Frequently Asked Questions

1 What are the main functions of Vitamin E in the body?

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin primarily known for its antioxidant properties, protecting body tissues and cells from free radical damage. It also helps slow down the aging process and assists in blood clotting to prevent blood loss.

2 Which foods are good sources of Vitamin E?

You can find Vitamin E in various foods, including plant oils, nuts, seeds, dark green vegetables, margarine, and asparagus. Incorporating these into a healthy diet helps ensure adequate intake.

3 Are there any risks or side effects associated with taking Vitamin E supplements?

The page warns that taking high-dosage Vitamin E supplements may lead to side effects such as blurred vision, skin rashes, diarrhea, and headaches. It also notes that some claims about Vitamin E's effectiveness in preventing certain diseases currently lack formal medical support.

4 How does Vitamin E relate to skin health or conditions like eczema?

Vitamin E acts as a lipid-soluble antioxidant, protecting body cells and tissues from damage caused by free radicals, which can contribute to overall skin health. The article also mentions its role in helping to slow down the aging process.