Nutrition Point 小編・Jul 14,2021

女性更年期飲食指南:舒緩症狀、預防骨質疏鬆與心血管疾病的食物選擇

女性更年期吃甚麼?

更年期是只女性在一年或以上沒有月經和失去生育的能力,一般發生在40至61歲,她們的體內激素會隨更年期有所變化。而踏入更年期時,女性會有不同的症狀,包括心悸、體重增加、皮膚失去彈性、潮熱(hot flashes)、盜汗、焦慮、暴躁、抑鬱得生理及心理變化。除了這些症狀,更年期更可能造成一些長期疾病,例如動物粥樣硬化 (atherosclerosis)、骨質疏鬆 (osteoporosis)、心血管疾病等。在營養學中,有一些方法能舒緩女性在更年期時的症狀和情緒,這篇文章會為大家逐一介紹。

Quick Answer

To manage menopausal symptoms and prevent long-term health issues, women can incorporate specific foods into their diet. Increasing intake of plant-based proteins like tofu helps lower cholesterol, reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, and alleviate hot flashes. Antioxidant-rich foods like avocado, containing Vitamin E, improve skin and hair health, while calcium-rich dairy products such as yogurt and milk are vital for preventing osteoporosis and boosting immunity.

更年期婦女可增加攝取豆腐等高蛋白質植物來代替肉類,它除了能降低膽固醇,也可以有效地預防心血管疾病,減少患上動脈粥樣硬化和中風的機會。而且,豆類製品也能幫助減緩更年期的症狀,如潮熱等。由於更年期是體內的荷爾蒙會下降,令皮膚發紅,更會感到燥熱、心跳加速和多汗,這更影響專注力和引致失眠。因此,豆類製品便能舒緩潮熱所帶來的症狀。

針對更年期帶來的肌膚問題,更年期婦女可嘗試食用含豐富抗氧化物的食物,例如牛油果。牛油果含有維他命E,不但能保護我們的皮膚和視力,也能有抗衰老的作用。加上,牛油果也含有脂肪,能改善更年期頭髮和肌膚的狀態。女士們可嘗試在早餐加牛油果,製成三文治、沙律等食物。

更年期婦女也可增加攝取奶類製品,例如乳酪、牛奶等,由於他們含有豐富的鈣質,能有效預防骨質疏鬆。除此之外,奶類製品也可增強免疫能力和體重管理。乳酪含有益生菌(probiotics),能有效地預防膀胱炎(urinary tract infections)和萎縮性陰道炎 (atrophic vaginitis)。

參考資料

Barrett-Connor, E. (2013). Menopause, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. Current opinion in pharmacology, 13(2), 186-191.

Copeland, S. (1999). Tofu after 50: Dietary soy and its role in hormone replacement after menopause. Nutrition Noteworthy, 2(1).

Greendale, G. A., Lee, N. P., & Arriola, E. R. (1999). The menopause. The Lancet, 353(9152), 571-580.

Lambert, M. N. T., Thorup, A. C., Hansen, E. S. S., & Jeppesen, P. B. (2017). Combined Red Clover isoflavones and probiotics potently reduce menopausal vasomotor symptoms. PloS one, 12(6), e0176590.

Lindsay, R. (1996). The menopause and osteoporosis. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 87(2), 16S-19S.

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Frequently Asked Questions

1 What dietary changes can help alleviate common menopausal symptoms?

The page suggests increasing intake of plant-based proteins like tofu, which can help reduce symptoms such as hot flashes. Consuming antioxidant-rich foods like avocado can also improve skin and hair health, while dairy products like yogurt and milk are recommended for overall well-being.

2 How can nutrition help prevent long-term health issues associated with menopause, such as osteoporosis or heart disease?

To prevent long-term diseases, the page recommends consuming high-protein plant foods like tofu, which can lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis. Dairy products, rich in calcium, are also advised to effectively prevent osteoporosis.

3 Are there specific foods that are particularly beneficial for women during menopause?

The article highlights tofu and other soy products for reducing hot flashes and lowering cholesterol. Avocado is recommended for its Vitamin E content, which benefits skin and hair. Dairy products like milk and yogurt are suggested for calcium intake to prevent osteoporosis and for probiotics to support urinary tract health.

4 Can Nutrition Point provide personalized dietary advice for managing menopause?

While this article provides general nutritional guidance for menopause, Nutrition Point offers specialized "Disease/illness nutritional consultation." These services aim to provide personalized dietary plans, often supported by instrument data, to address specific health concerns like those experienced during menopause.