Nutrition Point 小編・Jul 14,2021

魚油Omega-3、DHA、EPA:深入解析營養價值、功效與服用指南

魚油的營養價值

魚油在近年成為一種流行的健康食品,不能在電視新聞或網上文章都有簡介過它的功效和服用方法。有不少人對他的營養價值都略有耳聞,所以這篇文章將會為大家揭開魚油的面紗。

Quick Answer

魚油富含Omega-3脂肪酸,主要由DHA和EPA組成,對人體健康至關重要。這些脂肪酸能促進腦部發展、提升專注力和認知能力,並透過減少甘油三酯和動脈硬塊來預防心血管疾病及高血壓。DHA和EPA均具有抗發炎功效,能減輕神經發炎及阻止慢性發炎。根據美國心臟協會的建議,魚油的每日攝取量應控制在0.5至1.8克之間。

魚油的營養價值

魚油含有豐富的Omega-3,對人類健康很重要的脂肪,並由兩種脂肪酸組成:DHA和EPA。這兩種脂肪酸不但能預防心血管疾病、癌症等,也對人體其他部份有着重要的作用,如提升專注力和認知能力。DHA能幫助腦部發展就當我們的腦部缺乏DHA時,容易引致憂鬱、失憶和增加患上老人癡呆的風險。

EPA擁有抗發炎的功效,能減低神經發炎從而減低患上情緒病及老人癡呆的風險。它亦能保護心血管系統和協助小孩在心理上的發展。另外,他亦有燃燒多餘脂肪的功效,也能保護關節。相較EPA,DHA有更強抵抗發炎的功效,能阻止慢性發炎、動物粥樣硬化、糖尿病等,亦有助降低患上黃斑病變的風險,能防止失明和保持眼睛健康。

因此,如有能減低甘油三酯(triglyceride)和動脈硬塊的生長速度,所以可減低患上心血管疾病和高血壓的風險。同樣,它亦可降低中風和死亡的風險。

服用魚油的建議

根據美國心臟協會的建議,魚油每天的攝取量應低於3g,並控制於0.5至1.8g而來。除了服用魚油補充劑外,我們也可從不同魚類中攝取omega-3,例如三文魚、吞拿魚和鯖魚等。

當院,服用過多魚油也會有副作用,大量服用含有DHA和EPA的產品有機會降低血液的粘度和使血液被稀釋,可能會導致凝血和增加出血風險。所以,在使用產品前,應先諮詢醫生及營養師的意見,並按指示服用合適的份量。

參考資料

Caygill, C. P. J., Charlett, A., & Hill, M. J. (1996). Fat, fish, fish oil and cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 74(1), 159-164.

Kris-Etherton, P. M., Harris, W. S., & Appel, L. J. (2002). Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. circulation, 106(21), 2747-2757.

Wild, G. E., Drozdowski, L., Tartaglia, C., Clandinin, M. T., & Thomson, A. B. (2007). Nutritional modulation of the inflammatory response in inflammatory bowel disease-from the molecular to the integrative to the clinical. World journal of gastroenterology: WJG, 13(1), 1.

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Frequently Asked Questions

1 How can fish oil contribute to heart health and potentially assist with fat management?

Fish oil, rich in EPA, helps protect the cardiovascular system by reducing triglycerides and arterial plaque, thereby lowering the risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. EPA is also noted for its ability to help burn excess fat.

2 What role do the anti-inflammatory properties of fish oil play in overall health?

Fish oil contains DHA and EPA, both known for their anti-inflammatory effects. DHA can help stop chronic inflammation, while EPA reduces nerve inflammation, contributing to the prevention of various inflammatory conditions.

3 How does fish oil support brain development and cognitive function?

DHA in fish oil is vital for brain development and can help prevent conditions like depression, memory loss, and Alzheimer's. EPA also contributes by reducing nerve inflammation, which can lower the risk of mood disorders and Alzheimer's, ultimately enhancing concentration and cognitive abilities.

4 What is the recommended daily intake for fish oil, and what precautions should be taken?

The American Heart Association recommends a daily intake of 0.5g to 1.8g, not exceeding 3g. High doses of DHA and EPA can thin the blood and increase bleeding risk, so it is crucial to consult a doctor or nutritionist before taking supplements.